Why MySQL Database?

MySQL has its own client interface, allowing you to move data around and change database configuration. Note that you must use a password to log in. Assigning database users allows you to limit access to server tables that have multiple users. Each MySQL server, where tables are grouped together, can host many databases. Normally, a web application has its own proprietary database.

You may have installed MySQL yourself or have access through your ISP. Most ISPs that support PHP also provide a MySQL database for your use. Should you have difficulty, check their support pages or contact them to determine connection details. You'll need to know the following:

• The IP address of the database server
• The name of the database
• The username
• The password

If you've installed MySQL on your computer, you'll be able to use the defaults from the installation and the password you specified. This chapter looks at two ways to communicate with MySQL, the command line and phpMyAdmin, a web-based tool.

Once you reach the command line, type mysql and press Enter. The syntax for the mysql command is:

mysql -h hostname -u user -p

If you've installed MySQL on your computer, the default username is root. You can omit the hostname flag and value. Enter your password when MySQL displays the Enter password prompt.

At the MySQL prompt, you can enter database commands followed by Enter. There is also a set of commands that MySQL itself interprets. For a list of these commands, type help or \h at the mysql> prompt.  

Command prompt meanings

Prompt	Meaning
mysql>	Waiting for a command
->	Waiting for the next line of a command
'>	Waiting for the next line of a string that starts with a single quote
">	Waiting for the next line of a string that starts with a double quote

MySQL client commands

Command	Parameter	Meaning
quit		Exit the command-line utility
use	Database name	Use a specific database
show	tables or databases	Show lists such as tables or databases available
describe	Table name	Describe a table's columns
status		Display database version and status
source	Filename	Execute commands from a file as a script

To display the available databases, type:

mysql> SHOW DATABASES;

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