All PHP Operators
An expression is the basic building block of the language.
Anything with a value can be thought of as an expression. Examples include:
5
5+5
$a
$a==5
sqrt(9)
By combining many of these basic expressions, you can build larger, more complex expressions.
Note that the echo statement we've used in numerous examples cannot be part of a complex expression because it does not have a return value. The print statement, on the other hand, can be used as part of complex expression -- it does have a return value. In all other respects, echo and print are identical: they output data.
Expressions are combined and manipulated using operators. The following table lists the operators from highest to lowest precedence; the second column (A) shows the operators' associativity. These operators should be familiar to you if you have any C, Java, or Perl experience.
Anything with a value can be thought of as an expression. Examples include:
5
5+5
$a
$a==5
sqrt(9)
By combining many of these basic expressions, you can build larger, more complex expressions.
Note that the echo statement we've used in numerous examples cannot be part of a complex expression because it does not have a return value. The print statement, on the other hand, can be used as part of complex expression -- it does have a return value. In all other respects, echo and print are identical: they output data.
Expressions are combined and manipulated using operators. The following table lists the operators from highest to lowest precedence; the second column (A) shows the operators' associativity. These operators should be familiar to you if you have any C, Java, or Perl experience.
Operators
|
A
|
|---|---|
!, ~, ++, --, @,
(the casting operators)
|
Right
|
*, /, %
|
Left
|
+, -, .
|
Left
|
<<, >>
|
Left
|
<, <=, >=, >
|
Nonassociative
|
==, !=, ===, !==
|
Nonassociative
|
&
|
Left
|
^
|
Left
|
|
|
Left
|
&&
|
Left
|
||
|
Left
|
? : (conditional operator)
|
Left
|
=, +=, -=, *=, /=,
%=, ^=, .=, &=, |=,
<<=, >>=
|
Left
|
AND
|
Left
|
XOR
|
Left
|
OR
|
Left
|
