- zip_close — Close a ZIP file archive
- zip_entry_close — Close a directory entry
- zip_entry_compressedsize — Retrieve the compressed size of a directory entry
- zip_entry_compressionmethod — Retrieve the compression method of a directory entry
- zip_entry_filesize — Retrieve the actual file size of a directory entry
- zip_entry_name — Retrieve the name of a directory entry
- zip_entry_open — Open a directory entry for reading
- zip_entry_read — Read from an open directory entry
- zip_open — Open a ZIP file archive
- zip_read — Read next entry in a ZIP file archive
PHP Zip File Functions
PMA03:10
PHP MySQL Functions
PMA02:56
- mysql_field_len — Returns the length of the specified field
- mysql_field_name — Get the name of the specified field in a result
- mysql_field_seek — Set result pointer to a specified field offset
- mysql_field_table — Get name of the table the specified field is in
- mysql_field_type — Get the type of the specified field in a result
- mysql_free_result — Free result memory
- mysql_get_client_info — Get MySQL client info
- mysql_get_host_info — Get MySQL host info
- mysql_get_proto_info — Get MySQL protocol info
- mysql_get_server_info — Get MySQL server info
- mysql_info — Get information about the most recent query
- mysql_insert_id — Get the ID generated in the last query
- mysql_list_dbs — List databases available on a MySQL server
- mysql_list_fields — List MySQL table fields
- mysql_list_processes — List MySQL processes
- mysql_list_tables — List tables in a MySQL database
- mysql_num_fields — Get number of fields in result
- mysql_num_rows — Get number of rows in result
- mysql_pconnect — Open a persistent connection to a MySQL server
- mysql_ping — Ping a server connection or reconnect if there is no connection
- mysql_query — Send a MySQL query
- mysql_real_escape_string — Escapes special characters in a string for use in an SQL statement
- mysql_result — Get result data
- mysql_select_db — Select a MySQL database
- mysql_set_charset — Sets the client character set
- mysql_stat — Get current system status
- mysql_tablename — Get table name of field
- mysql_thread_id — Return the current thread ID
- mysql_unbuffered_query — Send an SQL query to MySQL without fetching and buffering the result rows.
- mysql_affected_rows — Get number of affected rows in previous MySQL operation
- mysql_client_encoding — Returns the name of the character set
- mysql_close — Close MySQL connection
- mysql_connect — Open a connection to a MySQL Server
- mysql_create_db — Create a MySQL database
- mysql_data_seek — Move internal result pointer
- mysql_db_name — Retrieves database name from the call to mysql_list_dbs
- mysql_db_query — Selects a database and executes a query on it
- mysql_drop_db — Drop (delete) a MySQL database
- mysql_errno — Returns the numerical value of the error message from previous MySQL operation
- mysql_error — Returns the text of the error message from previous MySQL operation
- mysql_escape_string — Escapes a string for use in a mysql_query
- mysql_fetch_array — Fetch a result row as an associative array, a numeric array, or both
- mysql_fetch_assoc — Fetch a result row as an associative array
- mysql_fetch_field — Get column information from a result and return as an object
- mysql_fetch_lengths — Get the length of each output in a result
- mysql_fetch_object — Fetch a result row as an object
- mysql_fetch_row — Get a result row as an enumerated array
- mysql_field_flags — Get the flags associated with the specified field in a result
PHP Date / Time Functions
PMA02:49
- checkdate — Validate a Gregorian date
- date_add — Alias of DateTime::add
- date_create_from_format — Alias of DateTime::createFromFormat
- date_create — Alias of DateTime::__construct
- date_date_set — Alias of DateTime::setDate
- date_default_timezone_get — Gets the default timezone used by all date/time functions in a script
- date_default_timezone_set — Sets the default timezone used by all date/time functions in a script
- date_diff — Alias of DateTime::diff
- date_format — Alias of DateTime::format
- date_get_last_errors — Alias of DateTime::getLastErrors
- date_interval_create_from_date_string — Alias of DateInterval::createFromDateString
- date_interval_format — Alias of DateInterval::format
- date_isodate_set — Alias of DateTime::setISODate
- date_modify — Alias of DateTime::modify
- date_offset_get — Alias of DateTime::getOffset
- date_parse_from_format — Get info about given date formatted according to the specified format
- date_parse — Returns associative array with detailed info about given date
- date_sub — Alias of DateTime::sub
- date_sun_info — Returns an array with information about sunset/sunrise and twilight begin/end
- date_sunrise — Returns time of sunrise for a given day and location
- date_sunset — Returns time of sunset for a given day and location
- date_time_set — Alias of DateTime::setTime
- date_timestamp_get — Alias of DateTime::getTimestamp
- date_timestamp_set — Alias of DateTime::setTimestamp
- date_timezone_get — Alias of DateTime::getTimezone
- date_timezone_set — Alias of DateTime::setTimezone
- date — Format a local time/date
- getdate — Get date/time information
- gettimeofday — Get current time
- gmdate — Format a GMT/UTC date/time
- gmmktime — Get Unix timestamp for a GMT date
- gmstrftime — Format a GMT/UTC time/date according to locale settings
- idate — Format a local time/date as integer
- localtime — Get the local time
- microtime — Return current Unix timestamp with microseconds
- mktime — Get Unix timestamp for a date
- strftime — Format a local time/date according to locale settings
- strptime — Parse a time/date generated with strftime
- strtotime — Parse about any English textual datetime description into a Unix timestamp
- time — Return current Unix timestamp
- timezone_abbreviations_list — Alias of DateTimeZone::listAbbreviations
- timezone_identifiers_list — Alias of DateTimeZone::listIdentifiers
- timezone_location_get — Alias of DateTimeZone::getLocation
- timezone_name_from_abbr — Returns the timezone name from abbreviation
- timezone_name_get — Alias of DateTimeZone::getName
- timezone_offset_get — Alias of DateTimeZone::getOffset
- timezone_open — Alias of DateTimeZone::__construct
- timezone_transitions_get — Alias of DateTimeZone::getTransitions
- timezone_version_get — Gets the version of the timezonedb
PHP HTTP Functions
PMA23:40
- ob_deflatehandler — Deflate output handler
- ob_etaghandler — ETag output handler
- ob_inflatehandler — Inflate output handler
- http_parse_cookie — Parse HTTP cookie
- http_parse_headers — Parse HTTP headers
- http_parse_message — Parse HTTP messages
- http_parse_params — Parse parameter list
- http_persistent_handles_clean — Clean up persistent handles
- http_persistent_handles_count — Stat persistent handles
- http_persistent_handles_ident — Get/set ident of persistent handles
- http_get — Perform GET request
- http_head — Perform HEAD request
- http_post_data — Perform POST request with pre-encoded data
- http_post_fields — Perform POST request with data to be encoded
- http_put_data — Perform PUT request with data
- http_put_file — Perform PUT request with file
- http_put_stream — Perform PUT request with stream
- http_request_body_encode — Encode request body
- http_request_method_exists — Check whether request method exists
- http_request_method_name — Get request method name
- http_request_method_register — Register request method
- http_request_method_unregister — Unregister request method
- http_request — Perform custom request
- http_redirect — Issue HTTP redirect
- http_send_content_disposition — Send Content-Disposition
- http_send_content_type — Send Content-Type
- http_send_data — Send arbitrary data
- http_send_file — Send file
- http_send_last_modified — Send Last-Modified
- http_send_status — Send HTTP response status
- http_send_stream — Send stream
- http_throttle — HTTP throttling
- http_build_str — Build query string
- http_build_url — Build a URL
- http_cache_etag — Caching by ETag
- http_cache_last_modified — Caching by last modification
- http_chunked_decode — Decode chunked-encoded data
- http_deflate — Deflate data
- http_inflate — Inflate data
- http_build_cookie — Build cookie string
- http_date — Compose HTTP RFC compliant date
- http_get_request_body_stream — Get request body as stream
- http_get_request_body — Get request body as string
- http_get_request_headers — Get request headers as array
- http_match_etag — Match ETag
- http_match_modified — Match last modification
- http_match_request_header — Match any header
- http_support — Check built-in HTTP support
- http_negotiate_charset — Negotiate client's preferred character set
- http_negotiate_content_type — Negotiate client's preferred content type
- http_negotiate_language — Negotiate client's preferred language
PHP Array Functions
PMA23:14
- array_change_key_case — Changes all keys in an array
- array_chunk — Split an array into chunks
- array_combine — Creates an array by using one array for keys and another for its values
- array_count_values — Counts all the values of an array
- array_diff_assoc — Computes the difference of arrays with additional index check
- array_diff_key — Computes the difference of arrays using keys for comparison
- array_diff_uassoc — Computes the difference of arrays with additional index check which is performed by a user supplied callback function
- array_diff_ukey — Computes the difference of arrays using a callback function on the keys for comparison
- array_diff — Computes the difference of arrays
- array_fill_keys — Fill an array with values, specifying keys
- array_fill — Fill an array with values
- array_filter — Filters elements of an array using a callback function
- array_flip — Exchanges all keys with their associated values in an array
- array_intersect_assoc — Computes the intersection of arrays with additional index check
- array_intersect_key — Computes the intersection of arrays using keys for comparison
- array_intersect_uassoc — Computes the intersection of arrays with additional index check, compares indexes by a callback function
- array_intersect_ukey — Computes the intersection of arrays using a callback function on the keys for comparison
- array_intersect — Computes the intersection of arrays
- array_key_exists — Checks if the given key or index exists in the array
- array_keys — Return all the keys or a subset of the keys of an array
- array_map — Applies the callback to the elements of the given arrays
- array_merge_recursive — Merge two or more arrays recursively
- array_merge — Merge one or more arrays
- array_multisort — Sort multiple or multi-dimensional arrays
- array_pad — Pad array to the specified length with a value
- array_pop — Pop the element off the end of array
- array_product — Calculate the product of values in an array
- array_push — Push one or more elements onto the end of array
- array_rand — Pick one or more random entries out of an array
- array_reduce — Iteratively reduce the array to a single value using a callback function
- array_replace_recursive — Replaces elements from passed arrays into the first array recursively
- array_replace — Replaces elements from passed arrays into the first array
- array_reverse — Return an array with elements in reverse order
- array_search — Searches the array for a given value and returns the corresponding key if successful
- array_shift — Shift an element off the beginning of array
- array_slice — Extract a slice of the array
- array_splice — Remove a portion of the array and replace it with something else
- array_sum — Calculate the sum of values in an array
- array_udiff_assoc — Computes the difference of arrays with additional index check, compares data by a callback function
- array_udiff_uassoc — Computes the difference of arrays with additional index check, compares data and indexes by a callback function
- array_udiff — Computes the difference of arrays by using a callback function for data comparison
- array_uintersect_assoc — Computes the intersection of arrays with additional index check, compares data by a callback function
- array_uintersect_uassoc — Computes the intersection of arrays with additional index check, compares data and indexes by a callback functions
- array_uintersect — Computes the intersection of arrays, compares data by a callback function
- array_unique — Removes duplicate values from an array
- array_unshift — Prepend one or more elements to the beginning of an array
- array_values — Return all the values of an array
- array_walk_recursive — Apply a user function recursively to every member of an array
- array_walk — Apply a user function to every member of an array
- array — Create an array
- arsort — Sort an array in reverse order and maintain index association
- asort — Sort an array and maintain index association
- compact — Create array containing variables and their values
- count — Count all elements in an array, or something in an object
- current — Return the current element in an array
- each — Return the current key and value pair from an array and advance the array cursor
- end — Set the internal pointer of an array to its last element
- extract — Import variables into the current symbol table from an array
- in_array — Checks if a value exists in an array
- key — Fetch a key from an array
- krsort — Sort an array by key in reverse order
- ksort — Sort an array by key
- list — Assign variables as if they were an array
- natcasesort — Sort an array using a case insensitive "natural order" algorithm
- natsort — Sort an array using a "natural order" algorithm
- next — Advance the internal array pointer of an array
- pos — Alias of current
- prev — Rewind the internal array pointer
- range — Create an array containing a range of elements
- reset — Set the internal pointer of an array to its first element
- rsort — Sort an array in reverse order
- shuffle — Shuffle an array
- sizeof — Alias of count
- sort — Sort an array
- uasort — Sort an array with a user-defined comparison function and maintain index association
- uksort — Sort an array by keys using a user-defined comparison function
- usort — Sort an array by values using a user-defined comparison function
Substrings PHP
PMA04:41
If you know where in a larger string the interesting data lies, you can copy it out with
the substr( ) function:
$piece = substr(string, start [, length ]);
The start argument is the position in string at which to begin copying, with 0
meaning the start of the string. The length argument is the number of characters to
copy (the default is to copy until the end of the string).
For example:
$name = "Fred Flintstone";
$fluff = substr($name, 6, 4); // $fluff is "lint"
$sound = substr($name, 11); // $sound is "tone"
To learn how many times a smaller string occurs in a larger one, use substr_count( ):
$number = substr_count(big_string, small_string);
the substr( ) function:
$piece = substr(string, start [, length ]);
The start argument is the position in string at which to begin copying, with 0
meaning the start of the string. The length argument is the number of characters to
copy (the default is to copy until the end of the string).
For example:
$name = "Fred Flintstone";
$fluff = substr($name, 6, 4); // $fluff is "lint"
$sound = substr($name, 11); // $sound is "tone"
To learn how many times a smaller string occurs in a larger one, use substr_count( ):
$number = substr_count(big_string, small_string);
Cleaning Strings
PMA04:39
Often, the strings we get from files or users need to be cleaned up before we can use
them. Two common problems with raw data are the presence of extraneous
whitespace, and incorrect capitalization (uppercase versus lowercase).
Removing Whitespace
You can remove leading or trailing whitespace with the trim( ), ltrim( ), and rtrim( )
functions:
$trimmed = trim(string [, charlist ]);
$trimmed = ltrim(string [, charlist ]);
$trimmed = rtrim(string [, charlist ]);
trim( ) returns a copy of string with whitespace removed from the beginning and
the end. ltrim( ) (the l is for left) does the same, but removes whitespace only from
the start of the string. rtrim( ) (the r is for right) removes whitespace only from the
end of the string. The optional charlist argument is a string that specifies all the
characters to strip.
For example:
$title = " Programming PHP \n";
$str_1 = ltrim($title); // $str_1 is "Programming PHP \n"
$str_2 = rtrim($title); // $str_2 is " Programming PHP"
$str_3 = trim($title); // $str_3 is "Programming PHP"
them. Two common problems with raw data are the presence of extraneous
whitespace, and incorrect capitalization (uppercase versus lowercase).
Removing Whitespace
You can remove leading or trailing whitespace with the trim( ), ltrim( ), and rtrim( )
functions:
$trimmed = trim(string [, charlist ]);
$trimmed = ltrim(string [, charlist ]);
$trimmed = rtrim(string [, charlist ]);
trim( ) returns a copy of string with whitespace removed from the beginning and
the end. ltrim( ) (the l is for left) does the same, but removes whitespace only from
the start of the string. rtrim( ) (the r is for right) removes whitespace only from the
end of the string. The optional charlist argument is a string that specifies all the
characters to strip.
For example:
$title = " Programming PHP \n";
$str_1 = ltrim($title); // $str_1 is "Programming PHP \n"
$str_2 = rtrim($title); // $str_2 is " Programming PHP"
$str_3 = trim($title); // $str_3 is "Programming PHP"
PHP Variable names
PMA04:29
Variable names always begin with a dollar sign ($) and are case-sensitive. Here are
some valid variable names:
$pill
$ad_count
$dForce
$I_kk_PHP
$_underscore
$_int
Here are some illegal variable names:
$not valid
$|
$3ka
These variables are all different:
$hot_stuff $Hot_stuff $hot_Stuff $HOT_STUFF
some valid variable names:
$pill
$ad_count
$dForce
$I_kk_PHP
$_underscore
$_int
Here are some illegal variable names:
$not valid
$|
$3ka
These variables are all different:
$hot_stuff $Hot_stuff $hot_Stuff $HOT_STUFF
CREATING THE DATABASE
PMA04:21
To create a database, connect to MySQL and run the CREATE DATABASE command. This is the
MySQL command to create a database called mydatabase:
CREATE DATABASE ’mydatabase’;
<?php
define(“MYSQLUSER”, “root”);
define(“MYSQLPASS”, “p##V89Te5t”);
define(“HOSTNAME”, “localhost”);
if ($connection = new mysqli(HOSTNAME, MYSQLUSER, MYSQLPASS)) {
echo ‘Successful connection to MySQL <br />’;
if ($result = $connection->query(“CREATE DATABASE ’mydatabase’”)) {
$connection->select_db(‘mydatabase’); // use the database
echo “Database created”;
} else {
echo “Problem creating the database. Is the user not allowed
to create database or does the database already exist?”; }
}
?>
Note that the preceding code uses an equal sign in the if statement:
if ($result = $connection->query(“CREATE DATABASE ’mydatabase’”)) {
The way that this statement is processed is that the statement on the right is evaluated fi rst, which
attempts to create the database. That function returns a value, which in this case is TRUE or FALSE.
That value is then assigned to $result, which is then evaluated to determine if the code enclosed by
the if statement should be run.
MySQL command to create a database called mydatabase:
CREATE DATABASE ’mydatabase’;
<?php
define(“MYSQLUSER”, “root”);
define(“MYSQLPASS”, “p##V89Te5t”);
define(“HOSTNAME”, “localhost”);
if ($connection = new mysqli(HOSTNAME, MYSQLUSER, MYSQLPASS)) {
echo ‘Successful connection to MySQL <br />’;
if ($result = $connection->query(“CREATE DATABASE ’mydatabase’”)) {
$connection->select_db(‘mydatabase’); // use the database
echo “Database created”;
} else {
echo “Problem creating the database. Is the user not allowed
to create database or does the database already exist?”; }
}
?>
Note that the preceding code uses an equal sign in the if statement:
if ($result = $connection->query(“CREATE DATABASE ’mydatabase’”)) {
The way that this statement is processed is that the statement on the right is evaluated fi rst, which
attempts to create the database. That function returns a value, which in this case is TRUE or FALSE.
That value is then assigned to $result, which is then evaluated to determine if the code enclosed by
the if statement should be run.
Comparison Operators for If/Else Statements
PMA04:19
So far you have just been using the equal comparison operator, but conditional statements are really
checking to see if a statement evaluates to true, not if something is equal. You can also check to see
if something is not equal to something, less than something else, more than something, and so on.
Strings that consist of numbers are converted to numeric before the test except for the identical ===.
Comparison Operators
OPERATOR DESCRIPTION EXAMPLE
== Is equal to 6==’6’ returns true
=== Is identical to (including the type cast) 6===’6’ returns false
!= Is not equal to 6!=5 returns true
<> Is not equal to 6<>5 returns true
< Is less than 6<5 returns false
> Is greater than 6>5 returns true
<= Is less than or equal to 6<=5 returns false
>= Is greater than or equal to 6>=5 returns true
Some
checking to see if a statement evaluates to true, not if something is equal. You can also check to see
if something is not equal to something, less than something else, more than something, and so on.
Strings that consist of numbers are converted to numeric before the test except for the identical ===.
Comparison Operators
OPERATOR DESCRIPTION EXAMPLE
== Is equal to 6==’6’ returns true
=== Is identical to (including the type cast) 6===’6’ returns false
!= Is not equal to 6!=5 returns true
<> Is not equal to 6<>5 returns true
< Is less than 6<5 returns false
> Is greater than 6>5 returns true
<= Is less than or equal to 6<=5 returns false
>= Is greater than or equal to 6>=5 returns true
Some