The name of bots/spider of Google search engineis GoogleBot, Yahoo Slurp for Yahoo search andBingBot for Bingsearch engine.
Why the Title Tag in Website is implemented for optimization?
PMA04:50
Your page titles will show up in the SERPs, so make them concise and relevant.
Internal optimization refers to on-page and on-site activities. On-page activities include
keyword optimizations of <title> tags, description meta tags, page copy, and link
anchor text.
Concentrate on making easy, clear-cut, and logical interfaces with a focus on getting
to the right information quickly. Link anchor text should be of reasonable size and
should be similar to, or the same as, the destination page’s HTML title tag text (if it
exists).
TITLE element to identify the contents of a document. Since
users often consult documents out of context, authors should provide context-rich titles.
Thus, instead of a title such as “Introduction”, which doesn’t provide much contextual
background, authors should supply a title such as “Introduction to Medieval Bee-
Keeping” instead.
One of the most critical on-page factors, the <title> tag is not to be dismissed. Search
engines tend to use the <title> tag text as search results titles. All pages should have
unique page titles. All page titles should be crafted wisely, using the most important
keywords found in the page copy.
Internal optimization refers to on-page and on-site activities. On-page activities include
keyword optimizations of <title> tags, description meta tags, page copy, and link
anchor text.
Concentrate on making easy, clear-cut, and logical interfaces with a focus on getting
to the right information quickly. Link anchor text should be of reasonable size and
should be similar to, or the same as, the destination page’s HTML title tag text (if it
exists).
TITLE element to identify the contents of a document. Since
users often consult documents out of context, authors should provide context-rich titles.
Thus, instead of a title such as “Introduction”, which doesn’t provide much contextual
background, authors should supply a title such as “Introduction to Medieval Bee-
Keeping” instead.
One of the most critical on-page factors, the <title> tag is not to be dismissed. Search
engines tend to use the <title> tag text as search results titles. All pages should have
unique page titles. All page titles should be crafted wisely, using the most important
keywords found in the page copy.
The svg element HTML5
PMA03:17
The <svg> element allows the author to build a vector-based image directly in
the page using the SVG markup language.
<svg xmlns:xlink=”http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink”
xmlns=”http://www.w3.org/2000/svg”
viewBox=”0 0 200 100”
width=”200px” height=”100px”>
<circle cx=”50” cy=”50” r=”30”
style=”stroke:#0000ff; stroke-width: 5px;
fill:#ff0000;”/>
<rect x = ”100”
y = ”0”
height = ”50”
width = ”50”
stroke-width = ”2px”
stroke = ”#ffff00”
fill = ”#00ff00” />
</svg>
the page using the SVG markup language.
<svg xmlns:xlink=”http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink”
xmlns=”http://www.w3.org/2000/svg”
viewBox=”0 0 200 100”
width=”200px” height=”100px”>
<circle cx=”50” cy=”50” r=”30”
style=”stroke:#0000ff; stroke-width: 5px;
fill:#ff0000;”/>
<rect x = ”100”
y = ”0”
height = ”50”
width = ”50”
stroke-width = ”2px”
stroke = ”#ffff00”
fill = ”#00ff00” />
</svg>
The context object drawing functionality HTML5
PMA03:16
arc(): The arc command draws an arc (portion of a circle) as part of a
path. The arc is defined like a circle, with a center and radius, but also with
beginning and ending angles. If the angles describe a full circle (0 to 2 × pi
radians), the arc command will draw a full circle. See the preceding example
for a custom circle function created from the arc command.
beginPath(): This command begins the definition of a path. Normally a
path is defined by a single moveTo command, followed by a series of
lineTo commands, and finished by a stroke, closePath, or fill.
closePath(): This command connects the last point of a path (drawn
with moveTo and lineTo commands) to the first, creating a closed shape
that can be filled.
drawImage(): The drawImage command allows you to draw an image (from
an external image file) on the canvas. Many implementations allow pixel-level
manipulation, allowing you to apply custom filters and transformations to
your images, which allows far more control than the typical <img> tag.
fill(): The fill command (and its variants — like fillRect) allows you to
apply the current fill style to elements drawn on the screen.
fillRect(): This command builds a rectangle of a specified size and
position, filled in with the current fill style.
fillStyle(): Allows you to specify the fill style. This can be a standard
color value, or a predefined gradient.
lineTo(): This command (along with the moveTo command) allows you
to build a path on the screen. The lineTo command takes a point as input
and draws from a previously defined point to the current point. Note that
the path is not displayed until the application of the stroke function.
lineWidth(): This defines the width of the line being drawn by a stroke
command.
moveTo: Used in path definition, the moveTo command is used to indicate
the starting point of a path.
stroke(): This command draws the currently defined path. Note that
paths are not immediately drawn; the stroke command actually draws the
path on the screen.
path. The arc is defined like a circle, with a center and radius, but also with
beginning and ending angles. If the angles describe a full circle (0 to 2 × pi
radians), the arc command will draw a full circle. See the preceding example
for a custom circle function created from the arc command.
beginPath(): This command begins the definition of a path. Normally a
path is defined by a single moveTo command, followed by a series of
lineTo commands, and finished by a stroke, closePath, or fill.
closePath(): This command connects the last point of a path (drawn
with moveTo and lineTo commands) to the first, creating a closed shape
that can be filled.
drawImage(): The drawImage command allows you to draw an image (from
an external image file) on the canvas. Many implementations allow pixel-level
manipulation, allowing you to apply custom filters and transformations to
your images, which allows far more control than the typical <img> tag.
fill(): The fill command (and its variants — like fillRect) allows you to
apply the current fill style to elements drawn on the screen.
fillRect(): This command builds a rectangle of a specified size and
position, filled in with the current fill style.
fillStyle(): Allows you to specify the fill style. This can be a standard
color value, or a predefined gradient.
lineTo(): This command (along with the moveTo command) allows you
to build a path on the screen. The lineTo command takes a point as input
and draws from a previously defined point to the current point. Note that
the path is not displayed until the application of the stroke function.
lineWidth(): This defines the width of the line being drawn by a stroke
command.
moveTo: Used in path definition, the moveTo command is used to indicate
the starting point of a path.
stroke(): This command draws the currently defined path. Note that
paths are not immediately drawn; the stroke command actually draws the
path on the screen.
The canvas tag HTML5
PMA03:10
The <canvas> tag sets up a portion of the screen for program-controlled graphics.
The HTML simply sets aside a portion of the screen to be used as a canvas.
All the drawing and manipulation of the image is done through JavaScript code.
The following HTML code sets up a canvas element and provides a button.
<canvas id = “myCanvas”
width = “300”
height = “200”>
This example requires HTML5 canvas support
</canvas>
<button type = “button”
onclick = “draw()”>
click me to see a drawing
</button>
The canvas element does little on its own. To do anything interesting with the
canvas tag, use JavaScript to extract a drawing context (a special element that
can be drawn on) and use the methods of that context object to create dynamic
graphics. For example, here is the draw() function that will be enabled when
the user clicks the button
function draw(){
var myCanvas = document.getElementById(“myCanvas”);
var context = myCanvas.getContext(“2d”);
context.fillStyle = “blue”;
context.strokeStyle = “red”;
circle(context, 1, 1, 1);
for (i = 1; i <= 200; i+= 2){
circle(context, i, i, i, “blue”);
circle(context, 300-i, 200-i, i, “red”);
circle(context, 300-i, i, i, “blue”);
circle(context, i, 200-i, i, “red”);
} // end for
} // end draw
function circle(context, x, y, radius, color){
context.strokeStyle = color;
context.beginPath();
context.arc(x, y, radius, 0, Math.PI * 2, true);
context.stroke();
} // end circle
The HTML simply sets aside a portion of the screen to be used as a canvas.
All the drawing and manipulation of the image is done through JavaScript code.
The following HTML code sets up a canvas element and provides a button.
<canvas id = “myCanvas”
width = “300”
height = “200”>
This example requires HTML5 canvas support
</canvas>
<button type = “button”
onclick = “draw()”>
click me to see a drawing
</button>
The canvas element does little on its own. To do anything interesting with the
canvas tag, use JavaScript to extract a drawing context (a special element that
can be drawn on) and use the methods of that context object to create dynamic
graphics. For example, here is the draw() function that will be enabled when
the user clicks the button
function draw(){
var myCanvas = document.getElementById(“myCanvas”);
var context = myCanvas.getContext(“2d”);
context.fillStyle = “blue”;
context.strokeStyle = “red”;
circle(context, 1, 1, 1);
for (i = 1; i <= 200; i+= 2){
circle(context, i, i, i, “blue”);
circle(context, 300-i, 200-i, i, “red”);
circle(context, 300-i, i, i, “blue”);
circle(context, i, 200-i, i, “red”);
} // end for
} // end draw
function circle(context, x, y, radius, color){
context.strokeStyle = color;
context.beginPath();
context.arc(x, y, radius, 0, Math.PI * 2, true);
context.stroke();
} // end circle
video element of HTML5.
PMA03:08
The video element is one of the more anticipated features of HTML5. With this
tag, developers will be able to embed videos into a Web page without requiring
a plugin like Flash.
<video src = “bigBuck.ogv” controls>
Your browser does not support embedded video
through HTML5.
</video>
The <video> tag itself is pretty simple to understand, but the actual implementation
is somewhat complex. HTML5 indicates a video tag, but it doesn’t specify
what format the browser will support. It will not surprise you that all the
browser manufacturers have a different opinion about which format will be supported.
At the moment, there are three main video formats in contention.
If you want to incorporate HTML5 video, use the <source> tag to include all the
major formats. (You can use the free FFmpeg tool available for all major software
platforms to convert your videos.) As a final fallback, use the <embed> tag inside
your <video> tag to load the video with a Flash player.
You can use JavaScript to control the video element in the same way you control
audio. See the “audio” section earlier in this part for more information
about controlling your media elements through JavaScript code.
tag, developers will be able to embed videos into a Web page without requiring
a plugin like Flash.
<video src = “bigBuck.ogv” controls>
Your browser does not support embedded video
through HTML5.
</video>
The <video> tag itself is pretty simple to understand, but the actual implementation
is somewhat complex. HTML5 indicates a video tag, but it doesn’t specify
what format the browser will support. It will not surprise you that all the
browser manufacturers have a different opinion about which format will be supported.
At the moment, there are three main video formats in contention.
If you want to incorporate HTML5 video, use the <source> tag to include all the
major formats. (You can use the free FFmpeg tool available for all major software
platforms to convert your videos.) As a final fallback, use the <embed> tag inside
your <video> tag to load the video with a Flash player.
You can use JavaScript to control the video element in the same way you control
audio. See the “audio” section earlier in this part for more information
about controlling your media elements through JavaScript code.
The details Element HTML5
PMA02:54
This new element helps mark up a section of the document that’s hidden, but can
be expanded to reveal additional information. The aim of the element is to provide
native support for a feature common on the Web—a collapsible box that has a title,
and more info or functionality hidden away.
Normally this kind of widget is created using a combination of markup and scripting.
The inclusion of it in HTML5 intends to remove the scripting requirements and
simplify its implementation for web authors.
<details>
<summary>Some Magazines of Note</summary>
<ul>
<li><cite>Bird Watchers Digest</cite></li>
<li><cite>Rowers Weekly</cite></li>
<li><cite>Fishing Monthly</cite></li>
</ul>
</details>
If details lacks a defined summary, the user agent will define a default summary
(for example, “Details”). If you want the hidden content to be visible by default,
you can use the Boolean open attribute.
be expanded to reveal additional information. The aim of the element is to provide
native support for a feature common on the Web—a collapsible box that has a title,
and more info or functionality hidden away.
Normally this kind of widget is created using a combination of markup and scripting.
The inclusion of it in HTML5 intends to remove the scripting requirements and
simplify its implementation for web authors.
<details>
<summary>Some Magazines of Note</summary>
<ul>
<li><cite>Bird Watchers Digest</cite></li>
<li><cite>Rowers Weekly</cite></li>
<li><cite>Fishing Monthly</cite></li>
</ul>
</details>
If details lacks a defined summary, the user agent will define a default summary
(for example, “Details”). If you want the hidden content to be visible by default,
you can use the Boolean open attribute.
The head Element HTML5
PMA02:49
The next part of our page is the <head> section. The first line inside the head is the
one that defines the character encoding for the document. This is another element
that’s been simplified. Here’s how you used to do this:
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
HTML5 improves on this by reducing the character encoding <meta> tag to the bare
minimum:
<meta charset="utf-8">
In nearly all cases, utf-8 is the value you’ll be using in your documents.
one that defines the character encoding for the document. This is another element
that’s been simplified. Here’s how you used to do this:
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
HTML5 improves on this by reducing the character encoding <meta> tag to the bare
minimum:
<meta charset="utf-8">
In nearly all cases, utf-8 is the value you’ll be using in your documents.
The html Element HTML5
PMA02:48
Next up in any HTML document is the html element, which has not changed significantly
with HTML5. In our example, we’ve included the lang attribute with a
value of en, which specifies that the document is in English. In XHTML-based
syntax, you’d be required to include an xmlns attribute. In HTML5, this is no longer
needed, and even the lang attribute is unnecessary for the document to validate or
function correctly.
<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
</html>
with HTML5. In our example, we’ve included the lang attribute with a
value of en, which specifies that the document is in English. In XHTML-based
syntax, you’d be required to include an xmlns attribute. In HTML5, this is no longer
needed, and even the lang attribute is unnecessary for the document to validate or
function correctly.
<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
</html>
The Doctype HTML5
PMA02:47
First, we have the Document Type Declaration, or doctype. This is simply a way to
tell the browser—or any other parsers—what type of document they’re looking at.
In the case of HTML files, it means the specific version and flavor of HTML. The
doctype should always be the first item at the top of all your HTML files. In the
past, the doctype declaration was an ugly and hard-to-remember mess.
HTML5
has done away with that indecipherable eyesore. Now all you need is this:
<!doctype html>
tell the browser—or any other parsers—what type of document they’re looking at.
In the case of HTML files, it means the specific version and flavor of HTML. The
doctype should always be the first item at the top of all your HTML files. In the
past, the doctype declaration was an ugly and hard-to-remember mess.
HTML5
has done away with that indecipherable eyesore. Now all you need is this:
<!doctype html>